aci 318 chapter 10 - magnified moments in columns

huangyhg

aci 318 chapter 10 - magnified moments in columns
i have a question regarding the beta(d) factor in chapter 10 of aci (specifically, section 10.12.3).  the code states that beta(d) is the "ratio of the maximum factored sustained axial load to the maximum factored axial load".  can someone clarify what the "sustained axial load" is?  in the 1989 code, the wording was "dead load", not "sustained load".  does this still hold true, or do sustained loads now include live loads?
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sustain load is the load that includes dead load as well as long-term live load. you need to decide what percent of live load is long-term: partitions, furniture, equipment, etc. (i use 15-20 psf for office floors).
wind and seismic loads are not included in sustain load.