load factors for water and soil in diaphragm wall

huangyhg

load factors for water and soil in diaphragm wall
hallo everyone,
i sent the same message in other forum since i'm not sure whether i sent it in the right forum.
the question is about designing diaphragm wall. can someone inform me about the load factors for water and soil that should be used in designing diaphragm wall ?
then the next thing is: when the loading of soil (effective stress) and water is included, are those loading factors (water and soil) still needed ? if yes, don't you think that the design is "too" safe ??
i really thank for any opinions and ideas.
regards,
sendy.
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